yogel



(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 1. W. VOGEL. BURNER POR LIQUID FUEL.

No. 406,013. Patented June 25', 1889.

:are lllllillllllll N. PETERS. Plmwmhogravrm. wxsmynn.

4 Sheets-Sheet 2'.

W. VOGEL. BURNER FOU. LIQUID FUEL (No Model.)

lPatented June 25' N. paens, Pnnio-Lixnngfapner. www". n. c

4 Sheets-Sheet 3.

Patented June 25, 1889.

W. VOGEL. BURNER PUR LIQUID FUEL.

(No Model.)

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 4. W. VOGEL. BURNER FOR LIQUID FUEL.

No. 406,013. Patented June 25, 1889.

N. PETERS. movmhqgmgnef, wamingwn, D. C.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

VILLIAM VOGEL, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR, BY DIRECT AND ilHESNEASSIGNMENTS, TO THE VOGEL PETROLEUM yHEATING COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

BURNER FOR LIQUID FUEL.

SPECIFICATION folnling part f Letters Patent NO. 406,013, (lated June25, 1889.

Application filed February 25,1887. Serial No. 228,817. (No model.)

To all whom it may con/c0771.-

Beit known that I, IVILLIAM VOGEL, of Chicago, in the county ot' Cookand State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvementsin Burners for Liquid Fuel; and I do hereby declare that the followingis a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had tothe accompanying drawings, and to the letters ot reference marked lothereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to a novel burner for liquid fuel of the samegeneral character as the burner described in a prior application forLetters Patentof the vUnited States, Serial No. QIOHU, tiled by meAugust 5, 1880. The burner shown in said application comprises as itsmain features a trough or receptacle for the liquid fuel, shown in saidappli- 2o cation as provided with a porous bed, means affording acontinuous supply of fuel to the trough or receptacle, and aburner-easing provided with suitable inlet and exit passages attording asupply ot' air to and conducting the products of combustion away fromthe burning oil within the trough or receptacle. The burning deviceembodied in the present application embraces improvements in burners ofthe character set fort-h in several particulars, as will hereinafterappear.

In the accompanying drawings my invention is shown as embodied inseveral dilterent forms of burners, and as applied both to cooking andhea-ting stoves.

In the said drawings, Figure] illustrates in central vertical section anoil burner adapted more especially for use in a cookingstove, thesection being taken upon line .fr c of Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a verticallongitudinal section o't the same, taken upon line .f1/.11 of Eig. l.Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the bu rner removed from the stove, takenupon the horizontal line y y of Fig. l, looking toward thc top ot' theburner. Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken upon line :c lr of Fig.

o, lllustrating a burner generally similar to that shown in Figs. l, 2,and 5l applied to a heating-stove, the burner in this instance being ofannular' form. Fig. 5 is a plan view ol' the burner shown in Fig. l.Fig. G is a crosssectional view of a somewhat different form. of burnerapplied to a cooking-stove, the section being taken upon line :11 :tofFig. 7. Fig. 7 is alongitudinal section of the same, taken upon thevertical line x of Fig. G. Fig. 8 shows in 55 cross-section, taken uponline a; :1: of Fig. 9, a burner like that shown in Figs. (i and 7, butof annular form. Fig. 9 is a sectional plan view of the same, taken uponlinea/url of Fig. 8.

In the 'form ot' the device shown in Figs. 1, 6o 2, and 3, A indicatesthe top, A the trontwall, and A2 A2 the side walls of a stove. A* indi-Cates an inclined inner wall, forming a partition between the tire spaceor chamber and the oven of the stove, said plate A being connected atits top margin with the horizontal plate At, forming the top ot theoven, and also the lower wall of the passage A5, through which theproducts of combustion from the burner pass to the smoke-pipe of thestove. 7o The burner in this instance consists mainly ot' a casting Il,formed to provide an oil-holding trough or receptacle C at the lowerpart ot' the burner, and a horizontal plate D, to which the casting l5is attached. Theplate l) 7 5 serves to close the space between thefire-box and exit-line ot the stove, so as to prevent the passage of airexcept through draft-openings of the burner. The said plate D is shownas made in two parts connected bylugs (l (Z upon 8o one part, which arebolted to the other part. Said plate lis sustained in the stove byresting its rear edge upon the plate A4, and at its front edge uponbrackets d d', attached to the front wall A, the plate being desirablyheld in place by bolts (Z2 (Z2. The casting B is shaped to Aform aninelosure or combustionchamber E, located over the oil receptacle ortrough C, the rear wall. ol the said chamber being formed by a part B ofsaid casting B, 9o while its front wall is formed partially by adepending flange D upon the plat-e D. As herein shown, the wall B visprovided at its upper end with a lip or vllange o', which is 4hookedover the edge of the opening in the 95 plate D, so as to sustain therear part ol' the casting, the ,front part of the said casting beingattached to the plate by means ot anglepieees o* o?, bolted to theparts, as shown. A tight joint between the flange D and the roo frontwall of the casting B is conveniently made by a groove in the casting,into which the lower edge of the flange D is fitted.

F is an oil-supply pipe by which liquid fuel is supplied to the burnerfrom an elevated tank or other source of supply. The pipe F is connectedwith the trough C by means of a passage B2, formed in the rear part orwall B of the casting B, extending from` the top of the latterdownwardly beneath the said trough, with which said passage communicatesby means of a slot or opening b. In the particular constructionillustrated the passage B2 is made to extend the full width or length ofthe burner, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3. The oil-holding' trough orreceptacle C is herein shown as provided with a porous bed G, madeof-pumice-stone,asbestus, fire-brick, some refractory granularsubstance, or other material adapted to give a porous character to thebed.

At the lower front part of the casting B is formed a chamber E',extending' horizontally the full length of the casting, and providedwith an air-inlet slot or opening e in its outer wall, a second slot orpassage e being formed in the wall of the casting, between the saidchamber E and the combustion-chamber, for the passage of air to the topof the porous bed. The said opening e is,as shown,located at the frontedge of the trough or oil-recep tacle C, and the lower part of thechamber is formed to provide a second oil-trough C', to receive and holdany oil which may overflow through the opening e from the trough C.

'The walls of the chamber E are, as shown and preferably constructed,cast integral with the casting B, and the outer air-inlet e is desirablyprovided with a regulatingyalve c2.

In the operation of the burner, oil is delivered from the su pply-pi peF to the chamber' B2, from which it flows into the trough C. The wall'Bof the combustion-chamber is maintained at a high temperature bytheiiame in the combustion-chamber, so that the oil will be highly heatedin flowing through the said passage B2, and will reach the trough C insuch heated condition, thereby tending to promote the rapid and perfectcombustion thereof.

The passage B2 is desirably made sloping in the manner shown, so thatthe oil fiowing from'` the pipe F will spread and .[iow over the wall ofthe passage. The oil fed to the trough C rises through the porous bed G,when the latter is present, and burns at the top of said bed, as setforth in said prior application above referred to. The employment of aporous bed is not, however, essential to the operation of the burner;but its use is for several reasons preferred in practice.

Air for supporting combustion is admitted' through the usualdraft-openin gs of the stove, and passes through the chamber E into thechamber E, where combustion takes place. The walls of said chamber Ewill obviously be retained at a high heat during the operation of theburner, owing to'their continuity with the walls of thecombustion-chamber, and the air will therefore become heated to aconsiderable extent in its passage through the chamber, with theadvantage of aiding the rapid and complete combustion of the oil, whichlatter, as before stated, is alsohighly heated before flowing to thetrough C. The quantity of air which enters the heating chamber E may becontrolled by the valve c2; but the regulation of the draft to theburner will usually and more conveniently be performed by thedraft-controlling devices of the stove.

The oil overfiowing at any time from the trough C to the trough C willremain in the latter until vaporized bythe heat of the parts. Suchoverflow will commonlytake place when the fire is first started, and themetal of the trough and adjacent parts of the burner is cold, by reasonof the fact that the oil burns more slowly before the parts have becomeheated, and it may, therefore, at such times run into the trough C morerapidly than it is consumed. Vhen the burner becomes thoroughly heated,however, the oil which has accumulated in the overow-trough will usuallybecome vaporized or will be consumed.

At b3 is shown a discharge-pipe attached to the lowermost part of thepassage B2 to provide for the discharge of sedimentary matter andincombust-ible residuum which may accumulate in said passage after theburner has been some time in use. Said pipe is provided with a valve b,which may be opened at necessary intervals to allow the escape of suchresiduum.

` In Figs. 4 and 5 is shown another burner, generally similar to thatabove described, but more especially adapted for use in a heating'-stove, and containing an annular combusf tion-chamber and oil-holdingtrough. In' said figures last named I indicates the outer shell IOO IIO

of a heating-stove, an-d H a circular casting bolted at its side marginsto said shell, and provided with a vcentral elevated part and with acircumferential depression, forming, with the outer walls of the stove,an annular combustion-chamber E. The middle part of said casting H iscovered by a separate plate or cast-ing I-I, which forms the inner wallof the annular combustion-chamber, and the marginal parts of whichextend downwardly to and form part of the annular oil-holding trough C.Said plate II is sustained by proj ections or studs 7L h', from thecasting I-I, in such manner that a passage H2 is formed be'- tween saidplates and casting, through which passage oil is fed to the trough Cfrom acentral oil-supply passage h2, herein shown as formed in adepending projectionh3 at the middle of the casting I-I, to the lowerend of which the oil-supply pipe F is connected. The oil gains access tothe trough C from the passage H2 through aslot orpassage h, formed inthe bottom of the trough between the edge of the central plate H and theopposing part of the casting H at the lower end of said passage H2. Thecasting ll is desirably provided at the middle of its elevated part witha receptacle or basin 7L", into which the oil is delivered by thepassage h2, and from which such oil flows outwardly over the innerinclined wall of the passage H2, and is thereby heated before being fedto the trough C in the same manner as in the burner shown in Figs. l,2,and 3, and before described. The trough or receptacle C is shown asprovided with a porous bed G, in this case of annular form. In thisinstance an annular hot-air chamber E is cast upon the outer part of thetrough C, said chamber being provided with an annular air-inlet opening@and e, located in the same position as the corresponding openin in theburner first described.

A valved exit-pipe l may be desirably connected with the lowest part ofthe passage H2, for the purpose of allowing the escape of residuum whichmay accumulate in said passage.

In Figs. 6 and 7 l have shown a burner having a general resemblance tothe burner above described, and shown in Figs. l. and 2, but differingtherefrom in several particulars, especially with relation to theconstruction of the oil-passages leading to the oilholding receptacleand in the general construction of the casing of the burner. The burnershown in said Figs. C and 7 is more especially adapted for use in acooking-stove, and is herein shown as applied to such stove, the partsof the stove in these figures being lettered in the saine manner as thecorresponding parts shown in Figs. l and 2. In said Figs. G' and 7 J isa trough-shaped casting, forming the bottom and side walls of theburner-casing, and attached at its upper edges to a horizontalsupporting-plate D by means of bolts, as shown, or otherwise. The middlepart of the casting J is covered by a separate casting or shell Jbetween which and the central elevated part J 3 of the said casting Jare formed oil-passages J 2 J 2, through which oil is conducted into twoparallel oilholding receptacles or troughs C C, located one at eitherside of the central elevated part J 3. The said casting J is sustainedupon the plate J by means of ilangesj2j2, located upon the ends of saidcasting and fitting closely the upper surface of the casting J, as moreclearly shown in Fig. 7. The troughs C C are in this instance formedentirely by the lower marginal parts J "i of the casting J which arebent or curved upwardly at their outer edges, and the passages J2 J2extend entirely beneath the said troughs, and open at the outer edges ofthe latter in such manner that the oil flowing through the said passagesJ 2 will enter the troughs by flowing inwardly over the outer edges ofthe said troughs. The parts of the casting J adjacent to the troughs aredesirably shaped to correspond with the lower surface of the latter, soas to form passages of uniform width extending beneath the troughs, thesaid casting being preferably extended above the outer edges of thetroughs at the places indicated by j', so as to cause the oil to flowfrom the passages J 2J 2 directly into the troughs. The said troughs arein this instance provided with porous beds G, arranged and operating inthe manner before described.

The oil-inlet pipe F is desirably connected with a passage y, formed ina depending projection J at the central part of the casting J, saidpassage j opening at its upper end into a longitudinally-arrangedreceptacle or trough j", formed in the top of the elevated part J ofsaid casting. Oil entering the burner through the said supply-pipe risesupwardly through the said passage and fills the trough j", from which itoverflows at both sides into the passages J2 J 2, and is therebydelivered to the troughs C C. The trough y is preferably made to extendthe full length or width of the burner, so that the oil will bedistributed throughout the entire length of the said passages J2 J2, andwill be evenly distributed along said passages, with the obviousadvantage that the oil flowing from the trough will liow or spreadevenly over the walls of the passages, and said oil will thus becomemuch more rapidly and uniformly heated than when delivered at the middleof' the passage, as is the casein the burner shown in Figs. l, 2, and 3.Airheating chambers E E are in this instance formed by depending flangesor deflect-ors D D upon the plate D. The lower edges of said flanges arelocated above and adjacent to the inner surface of thc casting J at apoint near the outer edges of the troughs C, so that said flanges :formthe sid es of the combustion chamber E of the burner, narrow lateralspaces or passages e, through which air from said chambers E gainsaccess to the combustion-chamber of the burner, being formed between thelower edges of the flanges and said casting. Air-inlet openings c, foraccess of air to the said chambers E E', are provided in the upper partof the outer vertical walls J G of the casting J, these openings beingdesirably located at the upper parts of said walls, so that the airentering them will take a course ob liquely downward through the saidchambers, and will be caused to come in contact with and pass over theouter surfaces of the flanges D D. The openings e e are desirablyprovided with sliding valves e2, whereby access of air to the burner maybe controlled as desired. The flanges D D are, as shown, extended abovethe plate D, as indicated at D2 D2, and bent or curved inwardly towardeach other, so as to form a relatively-narrow slotor passage D2, formingthe outleteopening of the burner.

In Figs. 8 and S) is shown a burner similar to that illustrated in Figs.6 and 7, but made in form more convenient for application to a circularstove, the troughs C and IOO IIO

other parts of the burner in this case being annular in form. In thisinstance an outer annular combustion-chamber E is formed by the outerwall of the casting J and down- Wardly and upwardly extending flanges Dand D2 upon the plate D, and a similar annular combustion-chamber isformed between the inner wall of said casting and an annular casting Dof the shape of an inverted cone, which is sustained at its center uponthe inner annular rim of the casting J, lugs engaging the said casting Jbeing` employed to hold the casting D4 in place. Said casting D4corresponds in shape with the flanges D and D2, and is curved at itsupper part outwardly toward the flange D2, so as to form an annularoutlet-opening D3 for both combustion-chambers E E. The central openingof the casting D4 is closed by a wall D5, preferably made of dome shape,to avoid the accumulation of soot at the center of the burner.

An outei` air-heating chamber E is in this case formed by the iiange Dof the plate D and adjacent parts of the casting J, which are made inthe same manner as shown in Figs. 6 and 7, said casting being providedwith several separate air-inlet slots or openings e, provided withsliding` valves or plates c2, as clearly shown in Fig. 9. Access of airat the center of the burner for supplying the inner combustionchamber isafforded by a central draft-opening E3, controlled by a rotatingvalve-plate E2, which is provided with a handle E4, by which the valvemay be conveniently moved. .Air entering through the opening E3 enters acentral air-chamber E5, from which it passes to the combustion-space ofthe burner through openings e3, made in the lower part of the castingD4. When the burner is annular in form, as shown in these iigures, theoil will be commonly supplied by means of three or more branch pipes f,leading upwardly from the circular supply-pipe F.

All of the several forms of burners herein illustrated and abovedescribed contain the same main features of construction in thefollowing particulars, namely: First, an airheating chamber formed inthe metal of the burn er adjacent to the combustion-chamber and providedwith air inlet and outlet openings, and, second, an oil-passage throughwhich the oil for supplying the burner is carried, said oil-passagebeing formed in a wall of the combustion-chamber or other surfaceexposed to the heat of the flame from the burner, whereby the oil ishighly heated before reaching the place of combustion. As far as thesefeatures of the invention are concerned, therefore, my invent-ion is notrestricted to the exact construction in the parts above described; butembraces, broadly, the features of construction above generally setforth. Specific claims are, however, herein made to certain other noveldetails of construction described and illustrated.

I claim as my inventiond l. A burner for liquid fuel provided with anoil-holding trough or receptacle," the tside walls of the burner forminga co1nbustionchamber above the said oil-holding trough, and a closedpassage within the side Wall of the said combustion-chamber, saidpassage communicating at its upper end with an oil-supply pipe and atits lower end with the oil-holding trough, all substantially asdescribed.

2. A burner for liquid fuel provided with an oil-holding trough orreceptacle, a casing forming a comb ustion-chamber above said oilholdingtrough, a closed passage in the side wall of said combustion-chamber,connected at one end with an oil-supply and at the other end with theoil-holding trough, and a chamber in the wall of the casing forming atrough for the overflow, said chamber being provided with openings forsupplying air to the combustion-chamber, substantially as described.V

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I aix mysignature in presence of two witnesses.

WILLIAM voeEL.

Vitnesses:

O. CLARENCE PooLE, CHARLES T. LoRING.

